30 November 1985

A magnitude-7.1 earthquake (aftermath pictured) hit Anchorage, Alaska, causing 117 injuries.

John Sentamu was enthroned as Archbishop of York, becoming the first black archbishop in the Church of England.

A series of protests by anti-globalization activists against the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999 in Seattle forced the cancellation of the opening ceremonies.

The Wall, a rock opera and concept album by the English band Pink Floyd, was first released.

A meteorite crashed through a roof in Sylacauga, Alabama, and hit a sleeping woman in the first verified case of a human being injured by an extraterrestrial object.

Mutesa II, Kabaka of Buganda, was temporarily deposed and exiled to London by Andrew Cohen, the British governor of Uganda.

After the United Nations voted to adopt a partition plan for Palestine, a civil war broke out between the region's Jewish and Arab communities.

World War II: Japanese warships defeated the U.S. Navy in a nighttime naval battle off Tassafaronga, Guadalcanal.

English mathematician Alan Turing published the first details of the Turing machine (model pictured), an abstract device that can simulate the logic of any computer algorithm by manipulating symbols.

Flying Scotsman (pictured) became the first steam locomotive officially to exceed 100 miles per hour (161 km/h).

The first international football match (pictured) took place at Hamilton Crescent, Glasgow, between Scotland and England.

Russian warships led by Pavel Nakhimov destroyed an Ottoman fleet of frigates at the Battle of Sinop, prompting France and the United Kingdom to enter the Crimean War.

An expedition led by Francisco Javier de Balmis departed A Coruña, Spain, with the aim of vaccinating millions in South America and Asia against smallpox.

Great Northern War: Swedish forces led by King Charles XII defeated the Russian army at the Battle of Narva.

The AI chatbot ChatGPT is launched by OpenAI.

Barbados becomes a republic.

A 15-year-old gunman murders four students and injures seven people, including a teacher, in a mass shooting at Oxford High School in Oxford Township, Michigan.

A magnitude 7.1 earthquake with its epicenter only 24 km from Anchorage, Alaska causes significant property damage but no deaths.

Atlasjet Flight 4203 crashes in Keçiborlu while on approach to Isparta Süleyman Demirel Airport, killing 57.

John Sentamu becomes the first black archbishop in the Church of England with his enthronement as the 97th Archbishop of York.

A McDonnell Douglas MD-82, operating as Lion Air Flight 538, overran the runway at Adisoemarmo Airport and crashed, killing 25 people.

NASA launches STS-97, the 101st Space Shuttle mission.

Exxon and Mobil sign a US$73.7 billion agreement to merge, thus creating ExxonMobil, the world's largest company.

In Seattle, United States, demonstrations against a World Trade Organization meeting by anti-globalization protesters catch police unprepared and force the cancellation of opening ceremonies.